TOP ＞ 大会企画　テックセミナー

大会企画　テックセミナー 2021/10/1　15:00～16:00　ZOOM C会場 TS1 From Discovery to Functional Understanding of Non-Coding Regulatory Elements ○Jay W.Shin 独立行政法人理化学研究所横浜研究所 ○Jay W.Shin RIKEN Yokohama Institute The vast majority of the human genome is non-coding yet they exhibit widespread regulatory activities and are hot spots for disease-associated SNPs. We pioneered 5’ single cell RNA-seq to discover novel non-coding regulatory elements, including enhancer RNAs, and report enrichment of disease-associated variants in the ‘transcribed’, as compared to, ‘accessible’ regions (HCA consortium). We further built a high-content screening platform and perturbed a myriad of non-coding transcripts using antisense-oligonucleotides (ASO) and reported ~40% lncRNAs are functionally important in gene regulation and exhibit cell type specific activities (FANTOM consortium). Through the extensive collaboration with multiple hospital universities in Japan, we profiled 15+ human tissues types and reveal diverse cell types in both healthy and disease. We demonstrate dynamic regulatory processes, via both coding and non-coding enhancer activities, and define disease causing cis-regulatory elements. Overall, the functional non-coding regulatory elements are critical components to the understanding of the human genome and applications for precise medicine. 2021/10/1　15:00～16:00　ZOOM C会場 TS2 1細胞遺伝子発現解析法の神経科学への応用 Application of single-cell RNA-sequencing for neuroscience ○絹川 薫, 杉江 和馬 奈良県立医科大学 脳神経内科学 ○Kaoru Kinugawa, Kazuma Sugie Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a technique that has been used for transcriptome analysis of various samples based on the expression of genes in single cells. Computational analysis tools for scRNA-seq data and open-source scRNA-seq datasets of various samples have provided us to characterize cell populations on top of the experimental data. The human brain is composed of highly differentiated cells with highly specialized functions, but the cellular heterogeneity of brain cells has not been fully understood. We applied scRNA-seq analysis for the studies of brain organoids and astrocytes. 1) The scRNA-seq analysis demonstrated that brain organoids contained various cell types and neuronal subtypes, and 2) the analysis of the publicly available scRNA-seq datasets of mouse brain revealed a unique subpopulation of astrocytes. These results suggest that scRNA-seq is a useful tool for identification of various cell types in brain. In this seminar talk, we will discuss application of scRNA-seq for neuroscience and the practice of data analysis. 2021/10/1　15:00～16:00　ZOOM C会場 TS3 細胞分解能から覗くヒト腎尿酸排泄動態 Construction of urate handling model at single-cell resolution ○坂口 義彦1, 森永 收志2, 森 英一朗1 1.奈良県立医科大学 未来基礎医学, 2.東京慈恵会医科大学 ○Yoshihiko Sakaguchi1, Shushi Nagamori2, Shushi Nagamori1 1: Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University 2: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine Epithelial cells, such as brain capillary endothelial cells or renal tubular cells, establish an apical-basal polarity. There are many kinds of transporters on the apical and basolateral membranes, which cooperate with each other to play the crucial role in transporting the substrate over the cells. In human kidney, 8 (or more than) transporters are reported to be related to urate transport. However, it is still unclear what combination of apical transporters and basolateral transporters work to result in urate reabsorption (from urine to blood) or secretion (from blood to urine). Here, we analyze the expression of urate transporters per single nucleus from the single-nucleus RNA-sequencing data of three human males in the published databases to construct a human physiological urate handling model in the renal tubules. Our model is a clue to understand the cooperation of transporters on the both apical and basolateral membrane at single-cell resolution, and to clarify the physiological urate handling in higher-resolution. In addition, our approach may apply the transport of any substrate on the other epithelial cells.