7月7日（金） 10:40-11:40 Room B
2JS②-1
シングルセル解析がもたらした脳疾患における新たな細胞病態機序
Contribution and challenge of single-cell analysis in brain disorders
池内 健
新潟大学 脳研究所 生命科学リソース研究センター
Ikeuchi Takeshi
Brain Research Institute, Niigata University
Brain consists of diverse cellular components including neurons as well as non-neuronal cells. Each cell type plays a distinct role in the normal brain function. A breakdown in the cellular network results in abnormal brain function, leading to the development of brain diseases. Single-cell analysis has unrevealed the heterogeneity and complexity of pathogenesis within individual cells. Since the first conceptional and technical breakthrough of the single cell sequence method in 2009, an increased number of improved single-cell analysis methods has been developed. The single-cell technology is now applicable to analysis using human autopsied brain tissue. To give you an example, single-cell profiling has shed a new light on pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Several single-nucleus RNA-sequencing studies reveal excitatory neurons in human AD brains alter genes regulating neurotransmitter release, synaptic vesicle recycling and glutamate metabolism. In addition, recent studies highlighted the importance of early transcriptional change of glial cells including microglia, astrocyte, and oligodendrocyte. Thus, single-cell profiling facilitates a nuanced picture of the diverse perturbations occurring in AD brain. In this debate session, I will highlight the contribution and challenge of single-cell analysis to better understanding of brain disorders. | | 7月7日（金） 10:40-11:40 Room B
2JS②-2
神経変性疾患研究におけるシングルセル解析の現状と課題
Current Status and Challenges of Single Cell RNA-seq Analysis in Neurodegenerative Disease Research
河原 行郎
大阪大学 大学院医学系研究科 神経遺伝子学
Yukio Kawahara
Department of RNA Biology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
With the recent development of massive parallel sequencing technology, barcode labelling of genes expressed in each cell, and improvement of bioinformatics analysis methods, it has become possible to analyze gene expression pattern at the single cell level. Consequently, detailed taxonomy of various cells constituting the central nervous system has progressed, and marker genes for each neuron and glial cell are being identified. In addition, these single-cell RNA seq analyses have been applied to autopsy brain and spinal cord tissues and animal models to understand the underlying mechanisms of various neurodegenerative diseases. However, given that loss of selective neuronal populations is a hallmark of such diseases, we are facing the difficulties in using these novel technologies. In this symposium, I will introduce the current status and challenges of single-cell RNA-seq analysis for elucidating the mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases by referring to our studies using ALS model mice. |
