一般口演
自律神経制御
Autonomic Regulation
座長：島田 昌一（大阪大学大学院） |
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| 2022年6月30日 9:00～9:15 沖縄コンベンションセンター 会議場B2 第5会場
1O05m1-01
イノシトールピロリン酸の組織分布解析から見えてきたイノシトール7リン酸の腸管神経系における役割
Inositol pyrophosphate profiling reveals IP6K2-dependent regulatory role of enhanced IP7 metabolism in gastrointestinal neuronal environment
*伊藤 誠敏(1)、藤井 奈津子(2)、小原 さおり(2)、堀 秀帆(1)、田中 政之(1)、垣本 由布(3)、Saiardi Adolfo(4)、永田 栄一郎(2)
1. 東海大学生命科学統合支援センター、2. 東海大学医学部脳神経内科学、3. 東海大学医学部法医学、4. ユニバーシティ・カレッジ・ロンドン
*Masatoshi Ito(1), Natsuko Fujii(2), Saori Kohara(2), Shuho Hori(1), Masayuki Tanaka(1), Yu Kakimoto(3), Adolfo Saiardi(4), Eiichiro Nagata(2)
1. Support Center for Medical Research and Education, Tokai University, Japan, 2. Department of Neurology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Japan, 3. Department of Forensic Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Japan, 4. Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, UK
Keyword: inositol pyrophosphate, hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, IP6K2, enteric nervous system
Inositol pyrophosphates (PP-IPs) regulate diverse physiological and pathological processes such as obesity, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Despite a large number of intensive studies for decades, their abundances in mammalian tissues have been elusive due to lack of a suitable analytical method to detect mammalian PP-InsPs. To better understand their functional roles and develop novel therapeutic strategies for human diseases associating altered PP-IP metabolism, exploring their tissue-specific distribution is important. Here, we profiled PP-IP levels in mammalian organs using a novel HILIC-MS/MS protocol (Ito et al., J. Chromatogr. A (2018), 1573, 87-97), and discovered that the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) contained the highest levels of IP7 and its precursor IP6. Although their abundance in the GIT is diet-dependent, elevated IP7 metabolism still existed under dietary regimes devoid of exogenous IP7 in the proximal GIT. Single-cell transcriptomic data of human embryonic intestinal cells and mouse embryonic enteric nervous cells showed selective expression of the IP7-synthesizing enzyme IP6K2 isoform in enteric neurons, which was confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis showing colocalization of IP6K2 and neuron marker HuC/D in mouse duodenal myenteric externa. IP6K2-knockout mice exhibited significantly impaired IP7 metabolism concomitant with altered neuronal mRNA expression and neurotransmitter concentration in the proximal GIT, implying a critical role of the IP6K2-IP7 axis in enteric nervous system functioning. These results reveal an unexpected role of mammalian PP-IPs—a highly active IP6K2-IP7 pathway plays a regulatory role in the neuronal environment of the proximal GIT, probably by functionally regulating enteric neurons. | | 2022年6月30日 9:15～9:30 沖縄コンベンションセンター 会議場B2 第5会場
1O05m1-02
スポーツ中の飲水の心拍変動への影響
The Effect of Drinking Water during Sports on Heart Rate Variability
*山本 青空(1)、久保 孝富(2)、藤原 幸一(3)、山川 俊貴(4)、丸野 由希(1)
1. 京都女子大学大学院現代社会研究科、2. 奈良先端科学技術大学院大学先端科学技術研究科、3. 名古屋大学大学院工学研究科、4. 熊本大学大学院先端科学研究部
*Aozora Yamamoto(1), Takatomi Kubo(2), Koichi Fujiwara(3), Toshitaka Yamakawa(4), Yuki Maruno(1)
1. Graduate School of Contemporary Society, Kyoto Women’s University, Kyoto, Japan, 2. Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan, 3. Department of Material Process Engineering, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan, 4. Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
Keyword: HRV, Heat illness
The Japanese guidelines for the prevention of heat illness recommend rest and hydration based on the heat index (WBGT) to prevent heat stroke during sports. However, the factors for the onset of heat illness are not limited to environmental factors but are also related to individual physical factors, and it is considered that consideration of WBGT alone may not be sufficient.Perhaps due to this point, the number of heat stroke patients has not shown a decreasing trend since the exercise guidelines were proposed.In order to establish heat illness prevention that considers individual physiological factors, this study focused on the relationship between hydration and heart rate variability (HRV) and analyzed it by measuring HRV by a wearable heart rate monitor. The subjects were 40 members of a marathon club team and 43 junior high school, high school, and university students who played sports as part of club activities.Four HRV indicators (NN50, pNN50, HF, LF/HF) (NN50, pNN50, HF, LF/HF) showed changes after drinking water. For the parasympathetic indices (NN50, pNN50, HF), the values increased within 1 to 5 minutes after drinking the water, and the effect continued until 20 minutes later. The index of the sympathetic nervous system (LF/HF) increased only around drinking water, and the effect disappeared after 1 minute. These results suggested that the effect of drinking water on the sympathetic nervous system appears rapidly and that the effect on the parasympathetic nervous system is sustained. | | 2022年6月30日 9:30～9:45 沖縄コンベンションセンター 会議場B2 第5会場
1O05m1-03
レム睡眠を制御する新規ニューロンサブタイプの活動パターンの解析
Activity pattern of a novel subtype of REM sleep-regulating neurons
*荒井 佳史(1,2)、柏木 光昭(2)、鹿糠 実香(2)、菅沼 貴也(2)、田中 可恵子(2)、上田 壮志(2)、坂口 昌徳(2)、柳沢 正史(2)、小山 純正(3)、林 悠(2,4)
1. 筑波大学大学院人間総合科学研究科フロンティア医科学学位プログラム、2. 筑波大学国際統合睡眠医科学研究機構、3. 福島大学大学院共生システム理工学研究科、4. 京都大学大学院医学系研究科
*Yoshifumi ARAI(1,2), Mitsuaki KASHIWAGI(2), Mika KANUKA(2), Takaya SUGANUMA(2), Kaeko TANAKA(2), Takeshi KANDA(2), Masanori SAKAGUCHI(2), Masashi YANAGISAWA(2), Yoshimasa KOYAMA(3), Yu HAYASHI(2,4)
1. Grad Sch of Human Comprehensive Sciences, Univ of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan, 2. International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), Univ of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, 3. Dept Sci Technol, Fukushima Univ, Fukushima, Japan, 4. Grad Sch of Medicine, Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan
Keyword: REM sleep, Electrophysiology, Optogenetics, Brainstem
Mammalian sleep is composed of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. REM sleep is characterized by rapid eye movement, hippocampal theta waves, and muscle atonia. The brainstem, especially the pons and medulla, plays crucial roles in REM sleep regulation. Although previous studies showed that REM sleep-active glutamatergic neurons located in the dorsal pons are involved, little is known about the neuronal subtypes regulating REM sleep. Recently, we found that a novel genetically-marked subtype of neurons, which we termed as DMT (+) neurons, might play crucial roles in REM sleep regulation. Chemogenetic activation or diphtheria toxin A (DTA)-mediated ablation of these neurons resulted in an increase or a reduction of REM sleep, respectively. However, the activity of these neurons in natural sleep/wake cycles remained unknown. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the activity of the DMT (+) neurons in this study. To determine the location of DMT (+) neurons that are active during REM sleep, we first compared c-Fos expression during REM sleep deprivation and REM sleep recovery through the flowerpot protocol. We confirmed that the flowerpot experiment was able to selectively deprive REM sleep and induce a substantial amount of REM sleep rebound afterwards. Immunostaining revealed that DMT (+) neurons in the dorsal pons significantly increased c-Fos expression during the REM sleep recovery. Therefore, we conducted cell-type-specific recording in the dorsal pons across the sleep/wake cycle, using single-unit recordings and optogenetics with glass pipettes in head-restrained mice. We recorded 24 DMT (+) neurons in the sleep wake/cycle and nine neurons (37.5%) showed increased activity during REM sleep. The remaining neurons showed increased activity during wakefulness or did not change their activity throughout sleep/wake cycles. These results support that a proportion of the DMT (+) neurons largely participate in naturally occurring REM sleep. | | | |
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